ASA College

Microbiology
Summer 2017
BIO110
ShakeemaWhite
E-Coli
Background:
E.Coliisa gram-negative bacterium found mostfoods. It normallylivesin theintestine of people and animals, but some of the strains can cause harm and infection to the body. This happens when food is improperly beinghandledbyfailing to wash hands, using contaminated utensil, serving uncleaned dishes, food that has not been stored at proper temperature. You can also get infected by drinking contaminated water that contains bacteria from humans or animal waste.E.Colican be spread from person to person. When a person is infected anddoes not useproper hand washing after having a bowel movement then that person can spread it when touching another person. People who work closely with cows, goats and sheep are at increased risk of becoming infected.

There aredifference types of E-coli such as,Enterotoxigenice.coli,Enteropathogenice.coli,Enteroinvasivee.coli,Enterhemorrhagice.coli,Uropathogenice.coli,Verotoxin-producinge.coli, E.coli 0157:H7 2006 North America strain and E.coli 0104:H4 2011 strain.
Strains:
EnterotoxigenicE.coli is a bacterial that causes diarrhea. It is also known as the travelers’ diarrhea mostly found in children. There’s an estimated death of 157,000 each year from this particular strain of E.coli.The bacteria start to attach to the host intestinal cells causing an infected person to have a severe case of diarrhea.
EnteropathogenicE.coli also cause diarrhea, but lacks toxins. The bacteria are moderately invasive. It enters the host cells causing an inflammatory response and changes in the intestinal structure which causes diarrheain humans, rabbits, dogs, cats and horses.
EnteroinvasiveE.coli is found only in humans. It is causes profuse diarrhea and high grade fevers.

EnterhemorrhagicE.colicauses bloody diarrhea with no other symptoms attached. This strain can cause kidney failure. The use of bacterial fimbriae for attachment and is moderately invasive. However, it produces toxins given an inflammatory response.This strain is found in humans, cattle and goats.
UropathogenicE.Coliis the number cause of urinary tract infections. The cause of this is, when fecal bacteria spread up the urinary tract to the bladder, kidneys and prostate in men. UPEC attacks the immune defenseby invading the umbrella cells. This strain is commonly found in women upper urinary tract organs from the blood stream.
E.Coli0157:H7 is the number one cause of disease, foodborne illness from contaminated raw milk and raw food afterconsumption. After someone is infected with this illness they will experience hemorrhagic diarrhea and kidney failure. This strain has been the reported death in children younger than 5 and elderly people who immune system has been compromised.
E.Coli0104:H4 is thestrain caused of the outbreak of2011in Germanywhich involvesfecallycontaminated food beingingested causing the death of several individuals and thousands of people hospitalized.

Signs and Symptoms:
Most people will start to experience signs and symptoms within one to five days after being infected withE.Coli. The symptoms may include:
Abdominal cramping
Sudden, severe watery diarrhea that may change to bloody stools
Gas
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Vomiting (uncommon)
Fatigue
Fever
The abovenamedsymptoms from one week until more than a week.

Symptoms of severeE.Coliare:
Bloody Urine
Decreased urine output
Pale skin
Brusing
Dehydration
These symptom maybe life threatening in which the red blood cells become damaged and kidney failure may take place especially in children younger than 5 and the elderly.
Treatment:
In less severe case, E.coli can be treated with homecare. You should drink plenty of water, rest and keep a watchful eye to make sure that your symptoms are not getting worst that calls for immediate doctor’s attention. You always check with the doctor if you are experience a high grade fever, chills bloody diarrhea and before taking any over the counter medications. Ifyou are dehydrated, then further hospital care might be need along with intravenous fluids.Most people will so signs of recovery after infected within five to seven days and will be fully recovered.
Prevention:
To prevent from getting infected withE.Coliand decrease your chances the intestinal infection will include the following:
Washing all