President of the United States and Presidential Election
CH. 27 1. The progressive coalition that elected Woodrow Wilson president dissolved by 1920 for all the following reasons EXCEPT: A) radicals and pacifists became disenchanted with America’s entrance into the Great War and the war’s aftermath B) many of the progressive reforms still seemed unattainable C) intellectuals became disillusioned because of the anti-evolution movement 2. The result in the presidential election of 1920 might be attributed to: A) the fact that Americans in the 1920s were “tired of issues, sick at heart of ideals, and weary of being noble” B) the smear campaign directed against Democratic candidate A.
Mitchell Palmer C) the lack of women voters in the election 3. The “Ohio gang”: A) was a group of angry young men in a short story by Sinclair Lewis about the consumer culture B) hosted the first national radio program C) was a group of President Harding’s friends who were named to political office 4. John W. Davis: A) invented the radio B) was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1924 C) starred in The Jazz Singer 5. Coolidge’s administration was marked by: A) prosperity B) continued tax breaks for the lower and middle classes at the expense of the upper class C) a slow economic downturn . The growing consumerism of the 1920s manifested itself in all of the following ways EXCEPT: A) automobiles B) motion pictures C) passenger rail service 7. As secretary of commerce, Herbert Hoover: A) supported trust-busting legislation and Justice Department lawsuits B) supported the trade-association movement C) endorsed strict laissez-faire policies to allow businesses to govern themselves 8. In “yellow-dog” contracts, employers: A) forced workers to agree to stay out of unions
B) agreed to submit all grievances to an arbitration panel whose decision was binding C) agreed to automatic wage increases in return for the workers’ promise not to strike 9. Which of the following is NOT true of the “American plan” concept of employment? A) It originated in Chicago. B) It promised a more democratic work environment than most other shops. C) It established open shops. 10. Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Depression? A) Corporate structures had been bloated by the success of the 1920s but were unprepared for the tightening of the economy.
B) Andrew Mellon was overconfident in the power of market capitalism to right itself. C) The gold standard caused a tightening of currency supplies worldwide. | | | 11. How many people were out of work in early 1933? A) 130,000 B) 13 million C) 1. 3 million 12. In his 1920 campaign for president, Warren Harding said the country needed a return to: A) normalcy B) progressivism C) energetic government 13. Harding’s administration is most remembered for: A) the poor state of the economy while he was president B) his promotion of the arts and culture C) the scandals that plagued it 14.
In 1926, one warning sign for the economy surfaced when a real estate boom collapsed in: A) Florida B) France C) Texas 15. Despite the many well-founded criticisms of Warren Harding as president, he was a visionary for his era in the field of: A) civil rights B) government oversight C) bank development 16. Which of the following was NOT part of Warren Harding’s presidency? A) lowering taxes for the wealthy B) supporting progressive legislation C) the Veterans Bureau scandal 17. Of the following presidents, which tied government and business closer together than at any other time in the twentieth century?
A) Warren Harding B) Calvin Coolidge C) Herbert Hoover 18. As secretary of commerce under Coolidge, Herbert Hoover’s priority was the trade-association movement, about which all of the following are true EXCEPT that it: A) successfully blocked all monopolistic practices B) allowed for price fixing among companies C) allowed businessmen to more accurately foresee developments 19. Herbert Hoover, while attempting to shore up the economy through economic policy, considered __________________ to be the thing Americans needed most at the time. A) welfare B) private investment
C) confidence 20. In the 1924 presidential election: A) Robert M. La Follette barely won the nomination of a faction-ridden Republican party B) A. Mitchell Palmer was the Democratic candidate C) Calvin Coolidge swept both the popular and electoral votes by decisive majorities CH. 28 1. In the presidential election of 1932: B) radical Socialist and Communist party candidates won nearly 1 million votes 2. Whose campaign song was “Happy Days Are Here Again”? B) Franklin D. Roosevelt 3. The main purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps was to: A) provide work relief for young men . This organization sought to set workplace standards, such as child labor restrictions: A) FERA B) NRA 5. The goal of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to raise farm income mainly through: C) cutbacks in production 6. Codes of fair practice were part of: A) FDIC B) NRA 7. Huey Long: A) called Social Security a “socialistic share-the-wealth program” B) developed a program called Share the Wealth 8. The National Labor Relations Act: A) was often called the Wagner Act 9. The Revenue Act of 1935 (sometimes called the Wealth-Tax Act): A) provided for a regressive tax
B) raised taxes on incomes above $50,000 10. The “sit-down strike” was used successfully in 1937 by: A) western miners B) automobile workers 11. By the end of 1937, which group had coalesced against the New Deal? A) a bipartisan conservative bloc 12. The conservative Democratic opposition to the New Deal in the late 1930s: C) was heaviest in the South 13. The Indian Reorganization Act: A) broke up tribal lands and allocated them to individuals B) was the brainchild of Henry Dawes C) attempted to reinvigorate traditional Indian cultures 14.
The literary work that best captured the ordeal of the Depression was The Grapes of Wrath by: A) William Faulkner B) Paul Muni C) John Steinbeck 15. Richard Wright: A) led the conservative outcry against New Deal business regulation B) wrote Native Son, a story of racial prejudice 16. The dust bowl can be associated with: C) the blowing away of millions of acres of topsoil 17. One third of the “Okies”: A) died in California in 1937 and 1938 B) faked their status in order to get free food C) returned to their home states 18. To earn the federal payments for reducing crops:
A) many landowners took their leased lands out of production 19. All of the following is true of the National Youth Administration EXCEPT: A) it was the parent organization for the CCC 20. FDR said that “the only thing we have to fear, is”: A) “analysis paralysis” B) “greed” C) “fear itself” CH. 29 1. During the 1920s, American global interests such as international trade and investment: A) expanded and prevented the United States from entirely withdrawing from the world, despite strong isolationist sentiment 2. High tariff rates, like those implemented by the United States during the 1920s, have what impact on international trade?
A) They tend to hinder international trade by making imported goods costlier and therefore less appealing to consumers. 3. Most European nations defaulted on their war debt to the United States during what international crisis? A) the Red Scare B) the Great Depression 4. The Nine-Power Treaty pledged the signers to: C) support the principle of the Open Door 5. The Kellogg-Briand Pact: A) reduced the Allied war debt B) outlawed war as an instrument of national policy among the signatories 6. What did the governments of Italy and Germany have in common by the 1930s? A) Both had established Fascist forms of government. . The Great Depression and the economic struggles it caused during the early 1930s generally made Americans: A) more supportive of fascism in Europe B) more isolationist in sentiment 8. The Roosevelt administration’s desire to renew diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union in 1933: A) proved the administration preferred communism B) reflected an effort to increase foreign markets 9. During the Spanish Civil War: A) the United States, Britain, Germany, and Italy all supported the government B) Hitler and Mussolini helped the armed uprising led by Francisco Franco 10.
The Nye committee: A) investigated and criticized the role that bankers and munitions makers played in America’s entry into World War I 11. President Roosevelt was hesitant to intervene in the Spanish Civil War because: A) he wanted to keep the fight localized 12. All of the following statements about the German blitzkrieg of spring 1940 are true, EXCEPT: A) it involved German attacks on France, Belgium, Denmark, Norway, and the Netherlands B) Germany carefully avoided attacks on neutral nations and only targeted professed enemies 13.
Through the lend-lease bill, passed in March 1934, “any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States”: B) could receive military equipment, supplies, and other necessary materials even if that country lacked the funds to pay for those items 14. The passage of the lend-lease bill in 1941 signaled what about American opinion? A) Pacifism was resurgent. B) The president lost control over Congress. C) Isolationist strength was weakening. 15. Which of the following statements about the European war between June 1940 nd June 1941 is true? A) The United States remained adamant about maintaining strict neutrality. B) The Nazi juggernaut appeared unstoppable. 16. The offensives Italy launched in 1940 against Greece and British forces in Egypt: A) went poorly and required German assistance 17. Which of the following countries was NOT an Axis power by June 1941? A) Italy B) the Soviet Union 18. In June 1941, Germany widened the war by: A) invading the Soviet Union 19. In November 1941: A) Congress passed legislation that allowed the arming of merchant ships 20.
During the summer of 1941, the United States attempted to restrain Japanese expansion by: A) establishing a protectorate over China B) restricting oil exports to Japan and freezing Japanese assets in the United States CH. 30 1. All of the following statements about the Battle of Midway are true EXCEPT that: C) the battle began with another Japanese surprise attack on American forces 2. In early 1942, the biggest challenge the United States faced in the Atlantic was: C) German submarine warfare 3. Following the declaration of war:
C) men between the ages of eighteen and forty-five were drafted 4. The zoot-suit riots of 1943 refer to: A) the violent conflict in Los Angeles that pitted white civilians and servicemen against Mexican Americans 5. Which statement best describes the Native American experience in the armed forces during World War II? A) Indian servicemen were integrated into regular units. 6. British and American differences over where to attack Germany first were resolved with the decision to launch an offensive: C) in North Africa 7. What helped the Allies gain the advantage in the Battle of the Atlantic?
A) The Allies decoded German messages that indicated where the U-boats were. 8. Which statement best describes the Allied invasion against Sicily in July 1943? A) Sicily had fallen entirely into the Allied hands in just over a month. 9. All of the following statements about the Allied bombing of Germany during 1943 and 1944 are true EXCEPT: A) American strategic bombers were full-fledged partners of the Royal Air Force B) the Allies had secured air supremacy over Germany C) the Allied bombing indisputably shattered civilian morale in Germany 10.
All of the following Pacific engagements helped turn the tide of war against Japan in 1943 and 1944 EXCEPT the: A) Battle of the Philippine Sea B) Battle of the Bulge C) invasion of the Marshall Islands 11. What was the most significant consequence of the Battle of Leyte Gulf? A) The Chinese earned their first substantive victory against the Japanese. B) The Japanese lost their remaining sea power and ability to defend the Philippines. 12. In the presidential election of 1944: A) Franklin Roosevelt won a fourth term as president 13. At the Battle of the Bulge: A) the British repelled the German invasion force seeking to conquer Britain
B) the destruction of Germany’s last reserve units left open the door to Germany’s heartland from the west 14. Which statement best describes the Soviets and the Yalta accords? C) The Soviets violated many of the agreements they made at Yalta. 15. Less than a month before the surrender of Germany: A) President Roosevelt lost his reelection bid B) the war in Asia ended with the Japanese surrender C) President Roosevelt died in office 16. The Axis’s defeat and Germany’s surrender included all of the following EXCEPT: C) the Allied capture of Hitler’s mistress, Eva Braun 7. The Potsdam Declaration: A) demanded that Japan surrender or face “prompt and utter destruction” 18. The use of atomic bombs against Japan had what significance? C) They allowed the Americans to avoid an amphibious invasion of Japan. 19. As a result of World War II, presidential authority in the United States: A) increased dramatically at the expense of congressional and state power 20. Following the conclusion of World War II, the two most powerful nations in the world were: C) the United States and the Soviet Union
