Research Paper In Writing In The Discip

A person who works in this field is called a prostitute, and is a kind of sex worker. Prostitution is one of the branches of the sex industry. The legal status of prostitution varies from country to country, from being permissible but unregulated, to an enforced or unforced crime or to a regulated profession. Prostitution is sometimes also referred to as “the world’s oldest profession”. Estimates place the annual revenue generated from the global prostitution industry to be over $1 00 billion. Prostitution occurs in a variety of forms. Brothels are establishments specifically dedicated to prostitution.

In escort prostitution, the act may take place at the client’s residence or hotel room (referred to as out-call), or at the escort’s residence or a hotel room rented for the occasion by the escort (in-call). Another form is street prostitution. Although the majority of prostitutes are female with male clients, there are also gay male prostitutes, lesbian prostitutes, and heterosexual male prostitutes. Sex tourism refers to traveling to engage in sexual relations with prostitutes. Some rich clients may pay for long-term contracts that may last for years.

Prostitution Defined Prostitute is derived from the Latin prostitute. Some sources cite the verb as a composition of “Pro” meaning “up front” or “forward” and “sisters”, defined as “to offer up for sale”. Another explanation is that prostitute is a composition of pro and stature (to cause to stand, to station, place erect). A literal translation therefore is: “to put up front for sale” or “to place forward”. The online Etymology Dictionary states, “The notion of ‘sex for hire’ is not inherent in the etymology, which rather suggests one ;exposed to lust’ or sex ‘indiscriminately offered. ‘ The word prostitute was then carried down through various languages to the present-day Western society. Most sex worker activists groups reject the word prostitute and since the late asses have used the term sex worker instead. However, sex worker can also mean anyone who works within the sex industry or whose work is of a sexual nature and is not limited solely to prostitutes. History of Prostitution Folklore According to Sahara and the Alphabet of Ben Sirs, there were four angels of sacred prostitution, who mated with archangel Samuel.

They were the queens of the demons Lithe, Manama, Carat Bat Mullah and Sheet Jejunum. 16th-17th centuries By the end of the 1 5th century attitudes seemed to have begun to harden against prostitution. An outbreak of syphilis in Naples 1494 which later swept across Europe, and which may have originated from the Columbian Exchange, and the prevalence of other sexually transmitted diseases from the earlier 16th century may have been causes of this change in attitude. With the advent of the Protestant Reformation, numbers of European towns closed their brothels in an attempt to eradicate prostitution.

In some periods prostitutes had to distinguish themselves by particular signs, sometimes wearing very short hair or no hair at all, or wearing veils in societies where there women did not wear them. In some cultures, prostitutes were the sole women allowed to sing in public or act in theatrical performances. 18th century During the British East India Company’s rule in India in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, it was initially fairly common for British soldiers to engage in inter;ethnic prostitution in India, where they frequently visited local Indian nuthatch dancers.

As British females began arriving in British India in large numbers from the early to mid-1 9th century, it became increasingly uncommon for British soldiers to visit Indian prostitutes, ND miscegenation was despised altogether after the events of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. 19th century In the 1 9th century, legalized prostitution became a public controversy as France and then the united Kingdom passed the Contagious Diseases Acts, legislation mandating pelvic examinations for suspected prostitutes. This legislation applied not only to the United Kingdom and France, but also to their overseas colonies.

A similar situation did in fact exist in the Russian Empire; prostitutes operating out of government-sanctioned brothels were given yellow internal passports signifying their status and were subjected to Kelly physical exams. Leo Tolstoy novel Resurrection describes legal prostitution in 19th-century Russia. 20th century Originally, prostitution was widely legal in the United States. Prostitution was made illegal in almost all states between 191 0 and 1 915 largely due to the influence of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union.

On the other hand, prostitution generated much national revenue in South Korea, hence military government encouraged the Prostitution for the U. S. Military. In 1956, the United Kingdom introduced the Sexual Offences Act 1 956, which was partly repealed, and altered, by the Sexual Offences Act 2003. While this law did not criminals the act of prostitution itself, it prohibited such activities as running a brothel and soliciting. Beginning in the late 1 sass, many states in the US increased the penalties for prostitution in cases where the prostitute is knowingly HIVE-positive.

Penalties for felony prostitution vary, with maximum sentences of typically 10 to 15 years in prison. Sex tourism emerged in the late 20th century as a controversial aspect of Western tourism and globalization. 21 SST century In the 21 SST century, Afghans revived a method of prostituting young boys which is referred to as “Bach Biz. Since the break up of the Soviet Union, thousands of eastern European women end up as prostitutes in China, Western Europe, Israel, and Turkey every year. There are tens of thousands of women from eastern Europe and Asia working as prostitutes in Dublin.

Men from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates form a large proportion of the customers. Human Trafficking and Prostitution in the Philippines Human trafficking and the prostitution of children is a significant issue in the Philippines, often controlled by organized crime syndicates. Human Trafficking in the Philippines is a crime against humanity. In an effort to deal with the problem, the Philippines passed R. A. 9208, the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003, a penal law against human trafficking, sex tourism, sex slavery and child prostitution. [8] In 2006, enforcement was reported to be inconsistent.

According to the United Nations Children’s Fund (Eunice) estimated 60,000 to 1 00,000 children in the Philippines were involved in prostitution rings. According to the International Labor Organization (ILL) about 1 00,000 children were involved in prostitution as of 2009. Is a high incidence of child prostitution in tourist areas. An undetermined number of hillier are forced into exploitative labor operations. It was estimated in 1995 that the Philippines was the fourth country with the most number of prostituted children, and authorities have identified an increase in child molesters traveling to the Philippines.

In 2007, there were estimated to be 375,000 women and girls in the sex trade in the Philippines, mostly between the ages of 15 and 20, though some are as young as 1 1. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies stated in 2003 that there were more than 1. 5 million street children in the Philippines and many end p in prostitution and drug trafficking in places such as Manila and Angels City. Government and MONGO estimates in 2007 on the number of women trafficked ranged from 300,000 to 400,000 and the number of children trafficked ranged from 60,000 to 100,000.

According to the US government reports, the number of child victims in the Philippines range from 20,000 to 100,000, with foreign tourists, particularly other Asians, as perpetrators. In 201 0, an estimated 60,000 to 100000 children in the Philippines were involved in prostitution rings, according to Eminent Random, a spokeswoman for the U. N. S International Labor Organization’s Manila office. A 2006 article reported that based on statistics provided by the Visalia Forum Foundation, most victims were between 12 to 22 years old.

The Philippines is ranked under Tier 2 Watch List in the 2009 Trafficking in Persons Report of the Ignited States (US) State Department due to the Philippine government’s alleged failure to show evidence of progress in convicting trafficking offenders, particularly those responsible for labor trafficking. Prostitution in the Philippines: Is it Legal? Prostitution in the Philippines is illegal. Penalties range up to life imprisonment for those involved in trafficking, which is covered by the Anti- Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003.

Prostitution is sometimes illegally available through brothels (also known as sacs), bars, karaoke bars (also known as Kits), massage parlors, street walkers, and escort services. As of 2009, one source estimated that there were 800,000 women working as prostitutes in the Philippines, with some of them believed to be underage. A report published in 2004 by the Vatican stated: The Philippines has a serious trafficking problem of women and children illegally recruited into the aorist industry for sexual exploitation.

Destinations within the country are Metro Manila, Angels City, Along City, towns in Vulcan, Battings, Cube City, Dave and Canaan De ROR City and other sex tourist resorts such as Puerco Galena, which is notorious, Pagans, Laguna, San Fernando Pangaea, and many beach resorts throughout the country. The promise of recruiters offers women and children attractive jobs in the country or abroad, and instead they are coerced and forced and controlled into the sex industry for tourists.

Angels City In 1 991 a volcanic eruption of Mount Punctuation forced an evacuation and estrogen much of the Clark Air Base, a major United States military facility located 40 miles (60 km) northwest of Manila, which closed shortly thereafter. Most the of sex trade around the base closed at the same time due to the loss of the GIG customers. Mayor Alfred Limb proceeded to crack down on Manila’s remaining sex industry, causing many of these businesses to relocate to Angels City, which borders on the closed base, and was becoming a popular tourist destination especially with former Gig’s.

By the late asses, EUNICE estimated that there are 60,000 child prostitutes in the Philippines, describing Angels City brothels as “notorious” for offering sex with children. In 1 997, the BBC reported that EUNICE estimated many of the 200 brothels in the notorious Angels City offer children for sex. In 2004, Police arrested foreigners and Filipinos and rescued 15 females of a child pornography and cyber ring in Angels City. The current trade is dominated by Australian bar operators and sustained by tourists seeking inexpensive sex, often with children.

In bars catering mostly to foreign men, girls are sold for a “bar fine”. Conditions are sometimes brutal Children and managers are lured into the industry from poor areas by promises of money and care, and are kept there by threats, debt bondage and the fear of poverty. Angels City is one of the largest sex tourist destinations in the world with just over 1 5 thousand women working in its various sex establishments (brothels, bars and videos). In 2005, EUNICE reported evidence of growing child pornography production in Angels City.

Children as young as ten years old have been rescued from brothels in Angels. Angels Mayor Francis Omnipotence has acknowledged the problem. “We admit having HIVE cases and that prostitution may be flourishing”. SST cases rose five times. The RICH treated 1,421 cases in 2005, 2,516 cases in 2006 and 6,229 cases in 2007. Most of the afflicted were women. In 2010, CNN ran an article about a 15 year old who began working in prostitution in a bar in the notorious fields eave, Angels City because she needed money to support her baby.

She was eventually trafficked to Malaysia where she was forced to take drugs and forced to service 20 customers a day Metro Manila Visalia Forum Foundation has established in 2002 that most of the children and young women trafficked to Manila from rural areas in search of work ere assured jobs as domestic workers, but in a significant number of cases end up in the sex trade. Pagans CNN stated in 201 0 that “A decade ago, Pagans, located about 60 miles south of Manila, became known as a popular location for men seeking homosexual prostitutes. ” Pagans began to attract an increasing number of child molesters. In the ‘ass, Pagans was declared by international gay publications as a paradise for them, a gay paradise, a haven for homosexuals”, said Dry. Sonic Aside, an activist who is particularly concerned by the expansion of the town’s sex trade to include minors, mostly young sys. Time magazine reported in 1993 that Pagans was a favorite destination for sex tourists seeking children. The Filipino government began a crackdown on the child sex industry in Pagans and 23 people of varying nationalities were arrested. Foreign child molesters take advantage of the poverty, with children often being used as sexual currency by their own parents.

The World Bank World Development Report for 1995 reported that the town of Pagans through civic action had dramatically reduced child prostitution. Papas Childhood Asia Philippines, Inc. Has a Community Manipulation against Child Prostitution project which started in 1 994 to prevent child prostitution in Papas and, more recently, in Cloacae City. Children as young as 14- and 15- year-olds are child prostitutes in Papas clubs. Magmata In 2003, Magmata Mayor Jammed C. Binary ordered a crackdown against prostitution following reports that some prostitutes are linked to criminal syndicates. 3 women were rescued from a sex trafficking operation in Magmata City by a team of National Bureau of Investigation (NIB) agents. The Chief of the Southern Police District deployed policemen in schools in Magmata City after the abductions of children by those involved in the sex trade industry. P/Sups. Manuel Gabion, SSP director, said the increased police presence in schools would deter members of a flesh trade syndicate from further pursuing their illegal activities. Puerco Galena There are numerous cases of child molestation that have been reported in Puerco Galena, a beach resort on Indoor Island three hours south of Manila.

The area is a favorite for foreign child molesters seeking children. Puerco Galena was described in 1997 as one of the Philippines top five spots for child prostitution Dave City October 5 has become the Day of No Prostitution Campaign in Dave City. In 005, the Philippine Information Agency reported documented cases of children as young as 10 years old forced into prostitution in Dave. Dave provinces, along with the Crag region, have become the favorites of child traffickers posing as tourists. An undated article reported that, based on an October 1 997 source, Dave is one of the top five areas for child prostitution and sex tourism.

In 1998, the Tambala Center for Abused Street Girls reported more than 1,000 teenage girls had turned to prostitution in Dave City, charging as little as 50 cents. Cube In 2001 , it was estimated there were 10. 000 young girls trafficked into sex leaver in Cube. “What has become very obvious is a growing market for child prostitutes,” said Father Heinz, a Catholic priest who has been involved for more than a decade in initiatives to beat the pimps and child-traffickers. It was reported in 2009 that Cube remained a destination, source and transit area for human trafficking, where women and children victims are brought to be “processed”.

It was reported in 2005 that Cube had been the destination of international and domestic trafficking of children, aged from 1 1 to 1 7 years old. Pangaea Province More than a dozen of cyber operations have been busted in the Pangaea province and Angels City areas, this resulted in the rescue of hundreds of exploited women, most of them minors or below 1 8 years of age. Human trafficking or trafficking in person is some sort of slavery. Hundreds Of computers sets have been seized, including sex toys and other gadgets used in the cyber operations mostly maintained by foreigners.

A forum hosted by the Prosecution Law Enforcement and Community Coordinating Service (process) discussed several factors that contribute to the human trafficking problem and these include poverty, the proliferation of underground cyber through internet and sex tourism. Lucent City Police have rescued at least 14 women, three of them minors, from the den of a suspected human trafficker. Appearance City MA Foundation, the Women’s Legal Bureau and the Office of the president’s Philippine Center on Transnational Crimes raided a house in BE Executive Homes, Appearance City, on Novo. 7, 2003, rescuing 31 women.

Another 40 women were rescued in the next raid. Gambles Province (Cubic Bay) In 1 988 a Naval Investigative undercover operation based in Cubic Bay were offered children for sex as young as 4. Many of those involved in the prostitution of children have been brought to justice in the courts. Most of the 16,000 women estimated to have worked the bars around the largest overseas naval base were forced into the sex industry. One 16 year old child tells of her experience in Cubic Bay: She was locked in a room for a month, starved and force-fed drugs and alcohol to ensure she was addicted and could be more easily controlled.

She was often beaten unconscious for refusing to have sex with customers. Pregnancy, abortion, the spread of disease and drug abuse were just some of the indignities imposed on Filipinos. Despite the US pull-out from Cubic Bay in 1992, continues to fester, tattering to a new generation of civilian sex tourists. The former naval base, and current visits by American military have been the subject of protests by welfare groups and activists in Cubic. Brandishing placards and chanting slogans, members of WAIL and GABRIELE called for justice for all victims of human rights abuses.

Along Trafficking of Women and Children in Along was rampant during the time of the Cubic Naval Base located close by. In 1988, the US Naval Investigative Service confirmed the existence of child prostitution in Along City. After the base closure a new child molesters clientele from countries such as Australia and Europe moved in. In Along City, there are believed to be 1 5,000 prostitutes, almost 8% of the total population. Along special prosecutor Direction Z. Florists states, “Politicians do not want people to know that these things are happening in Along,” said Florists.

Visas Eastern Visas continues to be a source Of Women and children being sent to Metro Manila brothels and sweatshops. Department of Social Welfare and Development officials said the number of human trafficking cases was increasing. Leticia Carillon, DEWS regional director stated that the victims were mostly children and women. Seventy percent are aged from 13 to 1 7 years old. A DEWS report, said the Wary towns of Prangs and Jibbing and Globally City in Samara province and Maps and Lass Naval in Northern Samara are considered as human trafficking “hotshots. Trafficking Of Filipinos to Overseas Destinations There are 150,000 Filipino women that are trafficked into prostitution in Japan as reported in the July 2, 1 998 issue of the Daily Star. Some of them were sold allegedly sold to the Yakima for $2,400. 00 to $ 18,000. 00. A news item that appeared in the May 31, 1995 of the Manila Chronicle reports that 150 Filipinos were sold into prostitution for $5,000. 00 each by international syndicates to night club operators in some African countries particularly Nigeria. A trafficker earns for each woman or girl sold in the international sex trade. 50,000 Filipino women have been trafficked into prostitution in Japan. Sex tourism An article in the newspaper Dave Today reports that, according to experts, the growth of tourism in the Philippines in places such as Cube and Portray, has given rise to the sexual exploitation women and children. In a 2004 article, the People’s Recovery, Empowerment Development Assistance Foundation (PREPARED) reported in 2004 that ACCEPT, which it describes as “a global network that campaigns against child prostitution”, estimates that 300,000 sex tourists from Japan alone visit the Philippines every year.

In the same article, PREPARED reports, “many others are British Local MONGO Prepared states that the majority of the “customers” (the word used by the children to describe their abusers) are local tourists and about ten percent are foreign tourists. The foreign customers, according to arrest figures compiled by ACCEPT Manila rank in frequency as follows: – American, Japanese, Australian, British, German, Swiss, other. Commonalities. Eunice noted that child trafficking in the Philippines is the highest incidence of child prostitution in a tourist area. What Drives a Person to Prostitution?